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Our Work

Family Frontiers pioneers the advocacy towards gender-equal citizenship rights in Malaysia, serving communities that are impacted by the lack of Malaysian citizenship, statelessness, as well as Malaysian binational families—Malaysians married to non-citizen spouses, their spouses and children. Family Frontiers focuses on the social, economic, cultural, civil and political context of issues concerning Malaysian bi-national families and addresses the biases in law, policy and practice.

The organisation is also working on building upon the existing momentum and commendable efforts undertaken by Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) and individuals that are already dedicated to addressing statelessness in Malaysia by empowering them. This, in turn, will catalyse a movement for comprehensive change, contributing to and strengthening the ongoing regional and global statelessness movements.

ONGOING

Malaysian Campaign for Equal Citizenship

The Malaysian Campaign for Equal Citizenship mobilises and advocates for equality in Malaysian citizenship provisions such that children born to either parent Malaysian have equal access to citizenship regardless of the gender and marital status of the Malaysian parent, and the place of birth of the child. The campaign aims to address the following issues:

1

Inability of children born overseas to a Malaysian mother and foreign father to obtain Malaysian citizenship by operation of law

2

Inability of children born out of a legally recognised civil marriage to a Malaysian father and foreign mother to obtain Malaysian citizenship by operation of law

3

Inability of Malaysian women to confer citizenship on their non-citizen spouse on an equal basis as Malaysian men

ADVOCACY SUCCESS: THE EQUAL RIGHTS OF MALAYSIAN WOMEN TO CONFER CITIZENSHIP TO THEIR OVERSEAS-BORN CHILDREN BY OPERATION OF LAW ON THE SAME BASIS AS MALAYSIAN MEN

After years of lobbying and campaigning, the constitutional amendment to grant Malaysian women the right to confer citizenship to their overseas-born children by operation of law on the same basis as Malaysian men, widely known as #PindaPerkara14UntukIbu, was passed in the Upper and Lower Houses of Parliament.
Read More on the Constitutional Amendment
Building on this victory, Family Frontiers also secured a landmark Federal Court ruling, ensuring that citizenship
will also be granted to existing overseas-born children under 18.
Read More on the Federal Court Settlement

WORK DONE / PROGRAMMES

Capacity Building: Empowering Malaysian Mothers to Self-advocate for Gender-equal Citizenship Rights

Family Frontiers continued to build the confidence of Malaysian mothers and their children to advocate for gender-equal citizenship rights. As momentum grew around the constitutional amendment, more mothers stepped forward, finding their voices and actively engaging in the campaign.

While our internal capacity-building efforts within the community remained a priority, we also sought to expand our outreach and connect with those beyond our existing network. To achieve this, we organized a webinar for Malaysians overseas, reaching impacted mothers abroad who had not yet engaged with us. Additionally, we facilitated a session with Russian spouses of Malaysians, providing guidance on navigating immigration procedures as foreign spouses.

Services

Family Frontiers, through the Malaysian Campaign for Equal Citizenship, provides guidance and assistance to Malaysian bi-national families in their application for Malaysian legal status. Family Frontiers currently runs and manages a growing network of Malaysian mothers seeking citizenship for their overseas-born children which currently has 140 mothers. The network follows a peer-support model.

Services include inquiries, information and support for a wide range of issues, which includes but is not limited to, the application process for Malaysian legal status, access to education and healthcare and birth registration of children of Malaysians, and marriage registration.

As a result, 120 Malaysian mothers from our network have successfully obtained citizenship for their overseas-born children.

Parliamentary Engagement

#PindaPerkara14UntukIbu in Action

Family Frontiers engaged with approximately: 

  • 120 targeted policymakers (Ministers, Members of Parliament (MPs) and Senators) to raise the issue of gender-discriminatory citizenship laws and immigration policies impacting Malaysian binational families in Parliament.
  • 80 questions were posed to the government on the timeline of the reform, data on citizenship applications, statelessness, and prospective reform efforts to existing immigration policies.

Strategic Litigation

The Suriani Kempe case filed by Family Frontiers and six Malaysian mothers at the Kuala Lumpur High Court to challenge Malaysia’s discriminatory citizenship laws, seeking an interpretation of the Federal Constitution to grant Malaysian women equal rights to confer citizenship on their overseas-born children in December 2020, was finally heard at the Federal Court on 10 December 2024. 

On 10 March 2025, a historic settlement was reached, bringing long-overdue relief to overseas-born children of Malaysian mothers who were excluded from the recent Constitution (Amendment) Act 2024. While the amendment granted Malaysian women the right to confer citizenship on their future children, it was not applied retroactively—leaving those born before its passage in legal limbo. Through this settlement, Malaysian mothers have the right to obtain Malaysian citizenship for their children born abroad. 

Engagement with Youth and Allies

To grow our circle of allies and keep the momentum alive, Family Frontiers focuses on strengthening ties and building bridges with partners nationally and globally. Whether it was pushing for the long-awaited reform for Malaysian mothers or calling for fairer immigration policies, these collaborations brought heart, strategy, and solidarity to our work. Together, we kept the voices of Malaysian binational families loud and clear, reminding those in power that real change comes when people come together.

Additionally, we are working to build new allies and networks working on statelessness, especially focusing on youth. 

Multimedia Advocacy

Family Frontiers prioritises our digital advocacy efforts to exert greater pressure on the Government for immediate action to achieve reform. Central to these efforts were social media content produced on our platforms such as infographics, videos and high production value call-to-action videos.

Family Frontiers continued utilising mainstream and alternative media to increase public awareness and action towards gender-discriminatory citizenship laws and the issues binational families face.

Click to View our Multimedia ContentClick to View our Media Mentions

Regional & Global Collaborations

Family Frontiers fcouses on taking up spaces on regional and global platforms. Global outreach efforts have been pivotal in increasing the campaign’s visibility on the global front. These international engagements have played a crucial role in raising the visibility of Malaysia’s gender-unequal citizenship laws, allowing the campaign to resonate with broader human rights movements and build cross-border solidarity. By forging meaningful alliances with global actors, Family Frontiers has been able to elevate the urgency of reform at home, while simultaneously positioning the issue within a wider international context of gender justice and equal nationality rights. Our strategic engagement with United Nations (UN) bodies has continued to be a cornerstone of this advocacy. Through the use of UN treaty body mechanisms, complaint procedures, and shadow reporting processes, we have persistently brought attention to the lived realities of affected families, reminding the Government that the world is watching, and that reform is not only a domestic imperative, but a global expectation.

ONGOING

Foreign Spouses Support Group (FSSG)

An estimated average of 164,000 visas are issued by the Immigration Department of Malaysia annually to non-citizen spouses of Malaysians. However, the current immigration policy causes numerous obstacles and drawbacks for non-citizen spouses, adversely affecting their Malaysian families. Non-citizen spouses of Malaysians face many restrictions in Malaysia. Despite living here for many years, raising children and establishing permanent homes, their legal status remains uncertain and dependent on their Malaysian spouses. These restrictions disproportionately impact women in binational marriages, affecting both non-citizen wives married to Malaysians and Malaysian wives married to non-citizens.

Non-citizen spouses of Malaysians face a myriad of socio-economic challenges. Oftentimes, this disproportionately affects women and children in Malaysian bi-national families, placing them in vulnerable situations. The COVID-19 pandemic has only further exacerbated the impacts on these families.

36,000

followers benefitting from the Facebook public service platform

7

lose-knit peer support networks

300

& more members benefiting from close-knit peer support networks

WORK DONE / PROGRAMMES

Services

The Foreign Spouses Support Group (FSSG) serves as a peer-support network for Malaysian bi-national families to obtain information on processes related to marriage migration to assist them in the process of establishing their family unit. FSSG also curates and manages several close-knit peer support networks, such as the ‘Spouses Stranded Overseas’ network established during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Services provided include daily inquiries, case management, necessary referrals and continuous updates of information on the Foreign Spouses Support Group (FSSG) online helpdesk and public service platform. Assistance and support provided by FSSG include access to legal status among spouses and children of Malaysians, access to education and healthcare, marriage and birth registration. FSSG’s service delivery utilises a self-sufficient peer support model where those impacted support one another while maintaining a sense of community.

Community Engagement and Advocacy

Family Frontiers also works consistently on building its network of Malaysian bi-national families and works directly with the focus population to gather information on the challenges faced on the ground. Apart from its daily inquiries and case management, FSSG receives its frontline knowledge on the challenges faced by the community through thematic surveys, data collection exercises and focus group discussions.

With the evidence gathered, Family Frontiers conducts public outreach activities to shed light on the impact on these families, particularly the disproportionate impact on women and children. This allows FSSG and Family Frontiers to understand lived realities and translate them to relevant actors such that these issues do not remain a blind spot in policymaking, and the best interest of children and family unity is taken into account while reviewing and reforming policies and practices.

Shaping Policies Through Research

and Advocacy

Family Frontiers conducts regular surveys, research, interviews and focus-group discussions to obtain reliable data and stories. These are vital for the organisation’s advocacy and lobbying for legal and policy reform.

Click to View our Existing Research and Policy Briefs

Regional and Global Collaborations

Family Frontiers is now focusing on introducing marriage migration into global discourse through various regional and international outreach efforts. With this newfound recognition, Family Frontiers has been able to raise awareness on the problems faced by binational couples while positioning the issue within a wider internatuonal context of gender justice and the right to family life.

This has been done through strategic engagements with UN Women, the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM), and the Asia Pacific Feminist Forum.

Image credits: UN Women